The presence of zinc or cadmium promotes or inhibits respectively the copper reducibility both in CuO and in the copper chromite spinel In the hydrogenation of GBL the Cu/Cr catalysts obtained by calcination show similar behaviours with a small increase in activity as a function of the copper content At the lower temperatures investigated
The phase transition on the reducibility of ilmenite ore with different carbon reductants by carbothermal reduction at 1550 °C was investigated by using XRD analysis Fig 4a c The phase analysis of the raw ilmenite is shown in Figs 3 and 4 a and demonstrated the mainly phases of ilmenite anatase brookite rutile and hematite phases
3 Of the constituents of chromite iron oxide had the strongest influence on its reducibility At tem peratures below about 1200†Ž the porosity of chromite particles was also of great interest and porous chromite was reduced more easily
Effect of temperature % CaO reducibility of chromite This is in agreement with that comparable with that obtained in a previous study obtained by Fernandes et al [8] 118 kJ/mol [9] The difference may be explained by the effect of heat treatment which alters the micro structures of chromite grains [8] Another possible 4
Reducibility and reduction kinetics of hardened pellets prepared from a novel lean grade multimetallic magnetite ore was investigated in the present study The hardened pellets were reduced between the temperature range of 1223 1423 K for 30 120 min in a bed of non coking coal The highest reducibility and metallization of 80% and 92% were obtained at
Reaction kinetics of solid state reduction of chromite pellets laboratory made and industrial and lumpy ore was investigated by the thermogravimetric analysis TGA technique
product Cr Fe C3 was produced after the beginning of the 2nd stage 3 Of the constituents of chromite iron oxide had the strongest influence on its reducibility At tem peratures below about 1200•Ž the porosity of chromite particles was also of great interest and porous chromite was reduced more easily than compact chromite 4 At temperatures above 1300•Ž a considerable
pelletising practice that could improve pellet reducibility in the smelting furnace To this end a series of experiments have been undertaken to determine the effects of preoxidation of chromite
Due to the increased demand and limited supply of nickel the chromite overburden found in Sukinda Valley Odisha can be effectively utilized This study proposes an alternative method for producing high quality indurated pellets suitable for direct reduced iron production which can be further smelted to obtain nickel based alloys in an energy efficient
Kemi chromite ore from Finland was reduced in CH4 H2 gas mixtures at temperatures from 1100° to 1350°C Experimental variables were time temperature and the CH4 content of the gas mixture
Carbon rich sources such as coal and carbon monoxide gas have been extensively used in the metal industry as the reducing agent of metal oxides and as the energy source for metal production Consequently the extractive metal sector contributes to approximately % of global greenhouse gas emissions Hydrogen gas offers a promising
Supply of world chromite chrome ore has come under severe pressure over the past year driven by strong demand for ferrochrome used in ferroalloy production for making stainless steel 104 3 METALLURGICAL BEHAVIOR OF CHROME ORE Reducibility Reducibility of ore as has been indicated before [1 2] is determined by its mineralogy
Pre reduction of chromite pellet is important for FeCr production in electric arc furnaces As the charge descends a single chromite pellet in the furnace is reduced with CO gas To better understand the reduction mechanism mathematical modelling of the reactions was carried out In the present paper the thermodynamic reducibility of the chromite constitutes with CO gas in
impact on the reducibility of the chromite [24] A second reason that pre oxidation is advantageous to the SAF relates to the reducibility of Fe cations to the reducing agents present When considering the reduction reactions for iron oxides with varying oxidation states it is revealed that iron oxides with higher oxidation states are
Chromite ore scenario India India ranks third in the world in chromite production and fifth in terms of ore reserves The majority % of the chromite resources in the country are hosted in the Sukinda Ultramafic Belt SUB and Boula Nausahi Igneous Complex BNIC in Odisha State Figure 2 These deposits are typically
Experimental studies were carried out on the reducibility of two different chromite ores using different reducing carbonaceous reducing agents in the temperature range 1173 to 1573 K Friable
The purpose of the present study was to investigate the reducibility potential of the chromite particles entrapped in the ferrochromium slags The influence of each slag chromite ore LG 6 from the Bushveld Complex was ground and screened to have a particle size range of mm and charged in solid form into the molten slag in
DOI / Corpus ID 225392455; A Raman spectroscopy study of the oxidation processes in synthetic chromite FeCr2O4 article{Lughi2020ARS title={A Raman spectroscopy study of the oxidation processes in synthetic chromite FeCr2O4} author={Vanni Lughi and Davide Lenaz and Alois Bonifacio and
However the removal of Fe from the chromite spinel allowed the formation of eskolaite with the composition of O3 in the form of an exsolved phase which may adversely affect the
REDUCIBILITY AND ELECTRIC RESISTANCE OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS WITHIN FERROALLOY SMELTING PROCESSES Zh Nurmukhanbetov 0 Privalov Chromite reduction with coke and special coke has been investigated by thermal gravimetric method at 1200° 1300° 1500° and 1600°C Chromite ore 50% Cr203 and
The mechanism of the solid state reduction of a Greek chromite concentrate by graphite in the temperature range 1100 1470°C is studied Reduction proceeds via six stages i nucleation of metallic phase at the chromite/graphite interface ; ii outward growth and propagation of metallic nuclei the chromite grain consists of an unreduced chromite core enveloped by a partially
The solid state reduction of a chromite concentrate from Northern Greece in the temperature range 1100 1470°C has been studied The degree of reduction of chromite by graphite was found to increase with increasing temperature time and carbon addition The maximum reduction percentage attained defined as the mass of carbon monoxide evolved expressed as a
Most of the chromite reserves in the world are concentrated in Africa and Asia followed by Europe Australia and Brazil 2 Sources of chromite Chromium ore occurs exclusively in rocks formed by the intrusion and solidification of molten lava or magma which is very rich in the heavy iron containing minerals such as pyroxenes and olivines
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