The cement industry is one of the major contributors to environmental pollution mainly due to the emission of greenhouse gases dust and other pollutants during production
Concrete is a sustainable and versatile construction material which can produce structures that last for thousands of years Due to the many areas of application concrete is the second most consumed material on Earth only after water with a global production of around billion tons of cement in 2021 Statista 2023 and an annual concrete consumption about 7
The global cement production is more than 4 million metric tons The increase in global cement production per year along with the cement production trends of top five cement producing countries are shown in Fig 1 China holds the first position among these countries with cement production more than 50% of global production
Concrete production contributes 8 percent of global greenhouse gases and demand continues to rise as populations and incomes grow Yet some commonly discussed strategies to reduce the sector s
Communities with air pollution caused by cement production have formed in the eastern region of China including the Jing Jin Ji Henan Shandong and Anhui Provinces which have a greater impact on the neighboring areas It is caused by the high energy consuming industries introduced by the governments of the eastern region for economic
Air pollution contributes to a wide variety of adverse health effects According to the Environmental Protection Agency EPA exposure to criteria air pollutants can cause a variety of respiratory health effects including inflammation of the lining of the lungs reduced lung function and respiratory symptoms increased susceptibility to respiratory infection premature mortality
Environmental Impacts of Cement Production Between 4 and 8% of the world s total CO2 emissions come from concrete which has a complicated environmental impact that is influenced by its manufacture applications and direct effects on infrastructure and which has its own environmental and social effects in addition to substantially influencing those of
In the production process NU p is equal to the sequestration of NO x by new concrete S p minus the emissions from energy use E ep i a total of i steps and water consumption EW p of the
Unlike other sectors where the largest share of emissions is energy related in cement and concrete production more than half are process emissions outlines a newly launched insight report from the World Economic Forum s First Movers Coalition in collaboration with Deloitte The industry therefore requires either novel solutions to a
The cement production is an important source of environmental pollution The USA and China have global responsibility for cement production determined as one of the central sources of carbon dioxide emissions Moreover MS Granger causality results were compared with ones determined by traditional causality method
The annual global cement production has reached to billion tons and it is expected to increase more than 4 billion tons/year due to the major growth in different countries ESPR Environmental Science and Pollution Research 1 2002 pp 49 54 View in Scopus Google Scholar [3] K Dan L Ward The History of Glass Orbis London 1984
Cement The cement and manufacturing industries are critical to the current development of burgeoning urbanization China is the world s leading cement manufacturing country producing an astonishing 2 million tons accounting for half of the global cement production European Cement Association 2021 The top cement manufacturing countries include China %
We take the national average of energy intensity as a benchmark as discussed in Section that is keep constant during the study period 2005 2012 The overall energy intensity in China s cement production was GJ/t while the thermal energy intensity of clinker and the electricity intensity of cement were and GJ/t respectively
According to China National Bureau of Statistics in 2019 China produced Gt cement 4 accounting for % of the world s total cement production and in recent years its process related
The cement sector is the third largest industrial source of pollution emitting more than 500 000 tons per year of sulfur dioxide nitrogen oxide and carbon monoxide Beginning in 2008 EPA has pursued a coordinated integrated compliance and enforcement strategy to address Clean Air Act New Source Review compliance issues at the nation s
The cement production is an important source of environmental pollution The USA and China have global responsibility for cement production determined as one of the central sources of carbon dioxide emissions Moreover MS Granger causality results were compared with ones determined by traditional causality method
NSP rotary kilns started to account for more than 10% of the market share in 2001 and China s national cement production peaked in 2014 Therefore 2001 and 2014 are selected as typical years
Cement production consumes 12 15% of total industrial energy It was also claimed that it was responsible for between 5 and 8% of CO 2 emissions from cement production The use of cement is increasing which has predictable implications for energy consumption and pollution
The use of concrete in civil infrastructure is highly demanded in structural and nonstructural elements However the high production of concrete could lead to severe pollution in the world This pollution can be decreased using sustainable materials mixed with cement to obtain sustainable concrete These sustainable materials include reinforcing fibers steel
Pollution from cement production in Nigeria Source [62] Abimbola et al 2007 [63] evaluated past hospital documentations and the present well being of locals and revealed the increasing
One industry that causes significant particle pollution is the production of cement The main airborne pollutants of cement production to the environment are dust and gases emitted during the process Many studies has been carried out to improve the knowledge of matter Hindyet from his experiments reported that in Egypt 1
Many production activities contribute to environmental degradation by emitting greenhouse gases The construction sector one of the main sectors contributing to a country s economic growth also contributes to greenhouse gas emissions especially CO2 Concrete one of the most commonly used materials in this sector is a source of CO2 emissions due to its
In the case of clinker production the potential electrical intensity could be reduced by 51% Furthermore utilising VRM for cement grinding could potentially reduce the electrical energy consumption by 30% This will allow the company to surpass best practice energy use values as shown in Fig 4
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