The sinter process of iron ore with biomass carbon instead of coke breeze as fuel was investigated via thermodynamic analysis in this paper through a comparison of sinter composition indexes metallurgical properties and pollutant emissions Straw charcoal was used in this paper and its replacement does not adversely affect the composition index of iron ore
Iron ore sintering is used all over the world to prepare agglomerates for the ironmaking blast furnace [1] [2] Figure 1 shows a schematic diagram of the major processes in a typical iron ore sintering plant The blended sinter mix typically composed of iron ores fluxes returned sinter fines plant dust and about 4 wt % coke breeze is first granulated to coarsen
PDF Sinter plants process a mixture of iron ore fines recycled ironmaking products slag forming agents and solid fuel coke with the finality Find read and cite all the research you
The enforced regulations for the iron ore sintering processes are TEQ/Nm3 for newly constructed plants and 1ng TEQ/Nm3 for currently operating plants on the basis of O 2 15% in flue gas In fact according to the mea surements by own and the Environment Agency the aver
Iron ore sinter is an ordinarily utilized iron bearing burden in BF iron making unit The sintering agglomeration procedure aims to form high strength sinter including granulating of the mixed materials distributing the granulated materials and then igniting the fuels coke or coal sintering the iron bearing materials by the combustion of fuel in a grate with air suction beneath
Granulation and sintering are the two most important steps of the iron ore agglomeration process to produce sintered ore Since granulation takes place at room temperature and is mainly characterized by physical and interfacial phenomena while sintering is a thermal densification process involving extensive chemical reactions the characteristics of
Iron ore sintering is being restricted due to the large amount of energy consumption and pollutant emissions 24 25 and in most regions of China the sintering process is often subject to policy restrictions that lead to time sharing shutdowns while sinter still accounts for about
High alumina iron ore sintering is characterized by poor sinter indices and high carbon emission due to the limited formation amount of liquid phase In this study the conventional Ca bearing flux burnt lime was substituted by a new Ca bearing flux with low melting point prefabricated calcium ferrite for the improvement of the formation ability of
Sintering is a thermal agglomeration process that is applied to a mixture of iron ore fines recycled ironmaking products fluxes slag forming agents and solid fuel coke The purpose of the
version of the iron ore sintering process in sinter pot In recent decades numerical simulation as an effective theoretical method complementary to laboratory investiga tion is being increasingly applied to analyze iron ore sinter ing Various mathematical models of iron ore sintering have been 5 It has been proved useful in
The iron oxide FeO content had a significant impact on both the metallurgical properties of sintered ores and the economic indicators of the sintering process Precisely predicting FeO content possessed substantial potential for enhancing the quality of sintered ore and optimizing the sintering process A multi model integrated prediction framework for FeO
on NOx formation characteristics during pulverized coal combustion catalyzed by iron ore fines and several major iron containing pure minerals in the iron ore sintering process 2 Materials and Methods Raw Materials The main chemical composition of the iron ore fines obtained from a Chinese steel and iron group is shown in Table1
Silico ferrite of calcium and aluminum SFCA is one of the most commonly produced phases in fluxed iron ore sintering and has long been regarded as an important bonding phase in industrial sinters It is thus considered to have a significant effect on sinter quality In this study a solid solution model and database has been developed for the SFCA
In an iron ore sintering bed combustion of solid fuel supplies heat needed for sintering of fine particles and determines the quality of the sintered ores and the productivity of the process Coke has been widely used as an ideal fuel for this process but recent attempts to partially replace coke with a less expensive fuel have been
Sintering is the most economic and widely used agglomeration process to prepare iron ore fines for blast furnace use Owing to the depleting reserves of traditional high grade iron ore there have been considerable changes in iron ore resources available throughout the world especially in steel mills in East Asia
Methods Experimental Procedure The reference ratio of blended ore is 8% A 13% B 15% C 6% D 12% E 37% F and 9% G In order to obtain a suitable SiO 2 content the proportion of E ore in blended ore was reduced and the proportion of other iron ores in blended ore was fixed In other words the proportion of other ores increases proportionally
With increasingly stringent environmental protection policies cost effective and value added treatment of massive lead zinc waste rock LZWR generated from the preconcentration process has attracted substantial attention A type of dolomitic LZWR with 18 wt % MgO 27 wt % CaO wt % Zn and wt % S was used as a replacement flux in the
ABSTRACT Sintering is a thermal agglomeration process that is applied to a mixture of iron ore fines recycled ironmaking products fluxes slag forming agents and solid fuel coke The purpose of the sintering process is manufacturing a product with the suitable characteristics thermal mechanical physical and chemical to be fed to the blast furnace The
It can be seen from Tables 1 and 2 that the blend with high iron grade has a high content of FeO wt % because it consisted of 70 wt % magnetite concentrate and 30 wt % fine ore The coke breeze has high fixed carbon content wt % and low volatile matter content wt % Methods The double layer sintering process is shown in Fig 1
Sintering Iron ore sintering consists of heating a layer of fines until partial melting occurs and individual ore particles fuse together For this purpose a traveling grate machine is used and the burning of fine coke known as coke breeze within the ore generates the necessary being delivered to the sinter machine the ore mixture is moistened to cause fine particles to
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