The coal formation process involves the burial of peat which is made of partly decayed plant materials deep underground The heat and pressure of burial alters the texture and increases the carbon content of the peat which transforms it into coal a type of sedimentary rock This process takes millions of years Types or ranks of coal are determined by carbon
GSI for coal and lignite Dept of Petroleum & Natural Gas for oil and gas Both government and private exploration agencies followed the classification of mineral reserves/resources evolved by GSI in 1981 Prior to 1981 No Nationally accepted system National classification system is 2 dimensional system with no
13 Formation of coal Organic matter derived mostly from land plants accumulates in low energy environment like a swamp Oxidative decay uses up lots of oxygen rendering the sediment pore waters devoid of oxygen anoxic Gentle cooking and pressing lithification as a result of increasing burial depth remove the pore water and increase carbon
pig iron 5 tons of coal were required But in the contemporary world 2 tons of coal are enough to produce 1 ton pig iron In other words 5 tons of coals can produce tons pig iron Phantom Pile The sustainable use conservation and
1 Coal Classification • There are two main ways for classifying coal by rank and by type • Coal Rank • Coal Types • Coal Rank The degree of metamorphisrn or coalification undergone by a coal as it matures from peat to anthracite • This has an important bearing on its physical and chemical properties and is referred to as the rank of the coal
Classification and working Classification of both super critical boilers and FBC coal or brown coal are used as fuel of boiler which has volatile content ranging from 8 to 33% and ash content 5 to 16 % To enhance the thermal efficiency of the plant the coal is used in the boiler in its pulverized form
Classifications of Fungi Characteristics of all Fungi Structure of Fungi Reproduction Classification of Fungi Basidiomycota sexual reproduction occur by basidium will be present spore is called basidiospore Asexual by budding fragementation conidiospores
5 Quantitative Variable One that can be measured and expressed numerically The measurements convey information regarding amount Example Diastolic/Systolic blood pressure heart rate the heights of adult males the weights of preschool children and the ages of patients seen in a dental clinic Qualitative Variable The characteristics that can t be measured
4 Classification of Industry Primary Industries that extract raw materials from the ground/ground surface or the sea Examples include Mining Farming Fishing Industries that manufacture assemble or process the raw materials into usable goods
Classification of Matter is heated in a microwave Water freezes to ice Rust forms on an iron nail A gas is compressed with a pump A lump of coal burns Table salt is dissolved in water Classification of Matter All matter is either a pure substance or a mixture A pure substance has a fixed composition and distinct properties A mixture
2 COAL CLASSIFICATION Coal Type A classification of coal distinguished on the basis of the constituent plant materials; megascopic classification is a lithotype Microscopic classifications use microlithotypes and macerals Coal Grade A classification of coal based on degree of purity quantity of ash left after burning; dependent upon amount of mineral matter
• Download as PPT PDF lithology stratigraphic classification and economic significance of the Gondwana Supergroup The formation consists of 6 7 km of fluviatile and lacustrine deposits including sandstones shales clays conglomerates and coal seams It is divided into lower and upper divisions based on fossil evidence Major coal
Coal reserves are large geographical areas where coal is deposited These reserves are spread across the globe in all continents except in Antarctica There are enormous amounts of coal mostly in countries that have the largest land masses for example Russia North America China Australia etc These countries along with 6 more
The International Classification of Diseases ICD is a standardized system used to classify diseases and health conditions It was created in 1893 and is updated every 10 years by the World Health Organization The current version is ICD 10 approved in 1990 ICD 10 organizes diseases into 21 chapters based on affected body system or condition
coal classification any of various ways in which coal is grouped Most classifications are based on the results of chemical analyses and physical tests but some are more empirical in nature Coal classifications are important because they provide valuable information to commercial users for power generation and coke manufacturing and to researchers studying the origin of coal
The chapter gives an overview of the classification of coal using several systems from the past as well as the present day official one Methods by which coal can be studied and classified are
In coal preparation in coal with 18 25% liptinite is more resilient than vitrinite; in coals with > 25% it has even greater therefore increases the strength of bands and coal particles larger than 1 mm ICCP 1963 In coking liptinite is the material from which the highest yields of by products are derived including volatile matter
The chapter gives an overview of the classification of coal using several systems from the past as well as the present day official one Methods by which coal can be studied and classified are described including coal petrography vitrinite reflection measurement and chemical and physical characterization methods ultimate and proximate
SOLID FUEL COAL COAL CLASSIFICATION Coal is classified into three major types; anthracite bituminous and lignite However there is no clear demarcation between them Coal is further classified as semi anthracite semi bituminous and sub bituminous Anthracite is the oldest coal from a geological perspective
12 Floating dome type • Floating drum plants consist of an underground digester and a moving gas holder • The gas holder floats either directly on the fermentation slurry or in a water jacket of its own • The gas is collected in the gas drum which rises or moves down according to the amount of gas stored • Advantage Floating drum plants are easy to
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