Phosphogypsum PG is an industrial by product from the production of wet process phosphoric acid [1] Due to the preparation process of phosphoric acid the main chemical composition of PG is dihydrate calcium sulfate CaSO 4 ·2H 2 O PG generally contains small amounts of impurities such as phosphorus fluorine organic matters heavy metals and
The work of the factory for the production of fertilizers in the area of Veles Republic of North Macedonia resulted in a residual amount of approximately million tons of phosphogypsum which was deposited at the dump adjacent to the plant between 1980 and 2003 So far no remediation of the phosphogypsum dump has been performed This paper presents the results
Due to its high yield as well as low utilization rate the reduction and recovery of phosphogypsum PG has become a key problem to be solved urgently [1] [2] [3] Researchers have obtained phosphogypsum based composites PGCs by adding various admixtures [4] [5] [6] into hemihydrate PG HPG or dehydrate PG DPG which not only retained the PG s
Phosphogypsum PG is an industrial byproduct from phosphoric acid production In order to facilitate the use of PG belite sulfoaluminate ternesite cements were produced with high amounts of PG This work regards the laboratory production of belite sulfoaluminate ternesite cements by using a new synthesis a secondary heat
This waste is generally stored in piles near the fertilizer factory Phosphogypsum can be classified as a NORM residue Naturally Occurring Radioactive Material which means that its reuse may pose risks to human and environment from the radiological protection point of view El Afifi et al 2007 IAEA 2013a
《GB/T 23456 2018》 Phosphogypsum 、、、、、。 CaSO 2HO 。
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The phosphogypsum factory Over 6 million tons of PG is produced per annum in India and poses various environmental and storage problems Out of these some quantities are utilized for of production of ammonium sulphate and few for other uses there is accumulated stock of PG is the industrial waste by product produced in various industries like fertilizer industry phosphate
Phosphogypsum is classified into naturally occurring radioactive materials containing radionuclides such as 238U 226Ra and 232Th and heavy metals which are dispersed in different form and concentrations and can be dangerous for humans Determination of the concentration of radionuclides in soils and plants near a phosphate fertilizer production unit
In the aftermath of the adoption of the Sustainable Development Goals SDGs and the Paris Agreement COP21 by virtually all United Nations producing more with less is imperative In this context phosphorus processing despite its high efficiency compared to other steps in the value chain needs to be revisited by science and industry During processing
Characteristics of phosphogypsum The PG samples used in preparing paving blocks were obtained by oven drying the PG sludge collected at the outlet of a phosphoric acid factory at Gabès City in the south east of Tunisia Figure 1 at a temperature below 40°C The PG characteristic granularity plasticity grain density and
The enforcement of more strict environmental regulations in 1997 compelled the factory to avoid any direct discharge to the estuary according to the OSPAR convention OSPAR 2002 OSPAR 2007 The new waste management plan proposed two main measures to fulfill this goal; on the one hand the deposit of phosphogypsum in a large pyramidal pile
This factory generates huge amounts of a by product called phosphogypsum PG which needs an appropriate management bec ause contains enriched amounts of several natural radionuclides and particularly 226Ra In this paper a detailed description of the main changes performed along the time in the management of the PG produced in the Spanish
However Helminthosporium sp isolated from the phosphogypsum factory was able to grow to some extent on the calcined material The results showed that the susceptibility of phosphogypsum is due in some extent to the organic content of this material
Phosphogypsum PG is a waste by product from the processing of phosphate rock by the wet acid method of fertiliser production which currently accounts for over 90% of phosphoric acid production World PG production is variously estimated to be around 100 280 Mt per year Yang et al 2009; Parreira et al 2003 and the main
with TBP to treat phosphogypsum containing % SiO 2 TBP and PG were then combined with 30 wt% sulfuric acid to obtain a mixture with a liquid to solid ratio of 5 1 mass ratio and a TBP to PG ratio of 5 1 mass ratio The whiteness of phosphogypsum increased from % to % after reaction at 90℃ for 30min
product phosphogypsum in nations which lack domestic gypsum sources and seek to avoid expensive imports are absent in Florida As a result phosphoric acid producers in Florida consider phosphogypsum a process waste requiring permanent disposal Approximately 30 million tons are added each year to the more than 300
Phosphogypsum PG is a high volume by product of phosphate based chemical industries that produce phosphoric acid Because of the low radioactivity of radionuclide contaminants roughly 85% of PG
However this enormous amount of phosphogypsum produced is disposed without any treatment; is mainly dumped directly at the sea [25] or stockpiled in the vicinity of the factory [30] this latter remains the most practice applied According to the literature 15% of world phosphogypsum production is recycled
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The present work aims to contribute to finding more recycling routes for phosphogypsum PG and its potential uptake in the material construction industry as paving blocks Laboratory testing was conducted to formulate mixes using PG as fine sand replacement An optimal 20% substitution rate was proved Industrially processed paving blocks were made
This factory generates huge amounts of a by product called phosphogypsum PG which needs an appropriate management bec ause contains enriched amounts of several natural radionuclides and particularly 226Ra In this paper a detailed description of the main changes performed along the time in the management of the PG produced in the Spanish
Phosphogypsum produced by the NPK factory Tunisia w as de posited in the coast of Sfax resulting in the accumulation of a large square phosphogypsum stack close to the harbour and town Fig
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