Steel slag is a significant by product of the steelmaking process 1 accounting for 15% 20% of crude steel production 2 In China the annual production of steel slag exceeds 100 × 10 6 tons with a utilization rate as low as % 3 Comparatively Japan achieves an impressive utilization rate of % while Europe and the United States reach rates of % and %
The combination of ultrasonic vibration assisted grinding UVAG the ultrasonic vibrating method and the conventional grinding CG process is proposed to improve the grindability of hardened steel in the CG process Comparative investigations on grinding force temperature and specific grinding energy for both grinding processes were conducted In
The steel slag powders were produced using a low energy grinding program since the steel slag has impaired grindability the grinding programs usually employed for producing BOFS powders reduce their eco the strength gain evolution could be evaluated The ultrasonic pulse velocities UPVs were also obtained for specimens of all ages
1 Introduction With the depletion and increasing complexity of metal ores in the world hydrometallurgical technology has been extensively applied to extract valuable metals from low grade metal ores and secondary resources which is more economically technically and environmentally attractive compared to pyrometallurgical process At present some metals
Optimal parameters of ultrasonic dispersion of slag suspensions are established the frequency of ultrasonic vibrations is equal to 44 kHz; the dispersion temperature is 25 ± 2 °C; the dispersion time is 15 min It was found that the application of ultrasonic dispersion to slag suspensions with the observance of dispersion conditions can increase
Comparative trials in grinding ultra high strength steel under conventional grinding CG and ultrasonic vibration assisted grinding UVAG processes were conducted with white alumina WA and microcrystalline alumina MA wheels Grinding performances including grinding forces force ratio ground surface quality and abrasive
The abundant resources of steel slag make it an intriguing prospect for long term CO 2 storage by mineral carbonation Herein the dissolution of steel slag in an acetic acid HAc solution and the fixation of CO 2 in the leachate of steel slag to synthesize high value CaCO 3 were investigated Results show that the microwave water bath condition is beneficial for
Steelmaking slags containing large amounts of Ca silicate is a potentially alkaline waste that can be used to capture CO<sub>2</sub> to synthesize high quality CaCO<sub>3</sub> Here effect of ultrasonic on leaching efficiency and selective leaching rate of Ca in steelmaking slags was studied in acetic acid solution Experimental results shown that ultrasound could help to
Volumetric defects include porosity slag inclusion underfill bevel grinding and weld corrosion etc Porosity is air pores formed when the air generated in the process of welding fails to escape but remains inside weld metal Slag inclusion occurs when the slag of welding flux fails to float out of the weld pool and is trapped in the weld
Ultrasonic vibration can be transmitted through solid phase or liquid phase materials with extraordinary properties Based on the transmission medium UV A manufacturing processes introduced in this literature review are divided into two main parts including UV A mechanical manufacturing processes conventional machining densification forming and
Micro grinding with a spherical grinding head has been deemed an indispensable method in high risk surgeries such as neurosurgery and spine surgery where bone grinding has long been plagued by the technical bottleneck of mechanical stress induced crack damage In response to this challenge the ultrasound assisted biological bone micro grinding
Ultrasonic assisted grinding UAG is one of the most suitable methods for the processing of hard and brittle materials such as silicon carbide SiC During UAG of SiC the machining quality is directly determined by the material removal mechanism However the research on the material removal mechanism for UAG of SiC is still not sufficiently developed
Single frequency ultrasound at 20 kHz and 40 kHz resulted in 50 % and 60 % Cu extraction respectively while dual frequency ultrasound resulted in around 92 % metal extraction Faster bubble collapse smaller particles more ultrasound amplitude and uniform sonication intensity were all hypothesized as possible explanations for the improvement
Immediate Removal After a cut has been made it is essential to remove any slag or dross while the metal remains hot and thus more pliable Gradual Grinding When dealing with thicker deposits of slag and dross begin by using an abrasive disc fitted with a rough grinder to gradually eliminate excess material Use finer grits for smoother
2 Limitations of Ultrasonic Cleaning While ultrasonic cleaning is very effective at removing most types of contaminants there are some limitations to the process Firstly it is not suitable for cleaning very soft metals such as pure aluminum or thin soft metals as the ultrasonic action of cavitation can dent or erode these materials
Although the ultrasonic strengthening grinding process USGP had demonstrated improvement in the wear resistance of metallic components the friction coefficient was relatively high exceeding the acceptable range of FPB Wear resistance analysis of steel slag aggregates based on morphology characteristics Constr Build Mater 409 2023
The slag grinder is offered in different duty cycles The 12 Series SG is available for a 1 shift operation while the 22 Series is more heavy duty and would be used in a 1 2 shift operation Slag also called dross is molten metal that forms on parts created with thermal cutting processes such as oxy fuel flame and plasma cutting Slag
This paper presents a dry grinding and carbonated ultrasound assisted water leaching CUAWL process for recycling the black mass of spent lithium ion batteries constituting anode material graphite and different cathode material combinations LiCoO 2 LiMn 2 O 4 and LiNiO 2 The inspiration of the method is to enhance selective Li 2 CO 3 recovery and reduce
The problem of steel slag could be solved by expanding the utilization ways of steel slag At present steel slag has been used in the production of cement the construction of urban roads and the production of fertilizer Fronek et al 2012; Jiang et al 2018b; Shi and Qian 2000; Wang and Cai 2006 In developed countries the utilization rate of steel slag is close to
The ultrasonic synergistic ozone process is commonly used to treat wastewater [24] [25] However there are few studies applying it to mineral leaching A study on the mechanism of ultrasonic synergistic ozone treatment of copper cadmium slag is used for activation of inert metals and severe encapsulation of raw materials
What Is Grinding & Slag Removal Slag is a specific type of sand that s traditionally made from steel It often forms as a coarse waste product resulting from deburring or smelting processes To remove slag metal processing facilities require grinding and slag removal Slag grinding processes efficiently remove all of the heavy slag produced
The main mineral composition of steel slag is olivine merwinite C 2 S C 3 S C 4 AF C 2 F RO phase CaO FeO MnO MgO f CaO and Fe Due to the presence of C 2 S C 3 S C 4 AF and C 2 F steel slag could show a weak cementitious performance which could be considered as supplementary cementitious material after processing However the bad grind
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